Kwagura Umuyoboro wa Plastike Kwiyongera: Gukura Ubushyuhe & Kubara 

Icyatsi cya Plastike Kwaguka bivuga impinduka zingana-cyane cyane kurambura cyangwa kugabanuka-bibaho muri gray PVC yumukara (Polyvinyl Chloride) na sisitemu yo kuvoma CPVC kubera ihindagurika ryubushyuhe. Gusobanukirwa iri terambere ryumuriro ningirakamaro mukurinda kunanirwa kwimiterere, kumeneka hamwe, no kuvoma imiyoboro mubikorwa byinganda n’imiturire. Kwaguka kumurongo kwimiyoboro ya plastike irarenze cyane iyindi nzira yicyuma, bisaba kubara neza no gushyira mubikorwa kwaguka, offsets, cyangwa guhuza byoroshye. Aka gatabo karasobanura neza ibya fiziki yo kwaguka k'umuriro, bitanga uburyo nyabwo bwo kubara, kandi bugaragaza uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga urujya n'uruza rw'imyenda ya pulasitike imeze neza kugira ngo habeho igihe kirekire n'umutekano.

Gusobanukirwa Kwaguka k'ubushyuhe mu miyoboro ya plastiki

Kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe ni umutungo wumubiri uranga ibikoresho byose, ariko bigaragarira cyane cyane muri thermoplastique nka PVC na CPVC, bikunze gukorerwa imvi kumyenda yinganda, umuyoboro wamashanyarazi, hamwe nogukoresha amazi. Iyo ihuye nubushyuhe, iminyururu ya polymer muri plastike yunguka imbaraga za kinetic kandi ikagenda itandukana, bigatuma ibikoresho byaguka. Ibinyuranye, gukonjesha bitera kwikuramo.

Mubyerekeranye nubuhanga, kwirengagiza kwagura imiyoboro ya plastike birashobora kuganisha kuri sisitemu yananiwe. Bitandukanye n'ibyuma cyangwa umuringa, bifite coefficient nkeya ugereranije no kwagura ubushyuhe, imiyoboro ya pulasitike irashobora kuramba kuri santimetero nyinshi hejuru ya metero 100 yiruka iyo ihinduwe nubushyuhe bukabije. Uru rugendo rutanga impungenge zikomeye imbere. Niba sisitemu yo kuvoma itunganijwe neza nta mfashanyo yuru rugendo, imihangayiko yimurirwa mubikoresho, inanga, hamwe nurukuta rwumuyoboro ubwabyo, akenshi bikavamo ingingo zacitse cyangwa imiyoboro yunamye.

Ku banyamwuga mubwubatsi, gukora, no gucunga ibikoresho, kumenya ko imvi PVC na CPVC bitwara bitandukanye munsi yumutwaro wumuriro nintambwe yambere iganisha kuri sisitemu ikomeye. Ibara "imvi" akenshi ryerekana uburyo bwihariye, nka Gahunda ya PVC ya 80 ya progaramu ya progaramu ya progaramu cyangwa CPVC kugirango irusheho guhangana nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ariko ihame ryibanze ryingufu zumuriro riguma rihuye muribi bitandukanye.

Kuki Icyatsi cya PVC na CPVC cyaguka kuruta ibyuma

Imiterere ya molekulire ya polymers ituma habaho guhinduka no kugenda ugereranije na kristu ya kristaline yububiko. Ibi bivamo Coefficient yo hejuru yo Kwagura Ubushyuhe Bwumurongo (CLTE). Kurugero, mugihe ibyuma byaguka byoroheje mubikorwa bisanzwe, imiyoboro ya plastike yumukara irashobora kwaguka inshuro zigera kuri eshanu kugeza kuri zirindwi kuruta ibyuma kubushyuhe butandukanye. Uku kutandukana gukeneye ubundi buryo bwo gushyigikira no gufata ingamba.

• Umuyoboro wa Polymer Urugendo: Ubushyuhe bwongera kunyeganyega kumurongo wa polymer, byongera intera iri hagati yabo.
• Modulus yo hasi ya Elastique: Plastiki ntizikomeye kuruta ibyuma, bivuze ko zihinduka byoroshye mugihe uhangayitse, bigatuma zishobora guhura nigihe kwaguka bibujijwe.
• Ubushyuhe bukabije: Ihinduka riva mubirahuri rijya muri rubberi muri plastiki bibaho mubushyuhe buke ugereranije no gushonga kwibyuma, bigatuma ingaruka zubushyuhe zigaragara mubikorwa bya buri munsi.

Nigute Kubara Kwagura Umuyoboro wa Plastike

Kubara neza nibyingenzi mugushushanya ibiranga indishyi. Inzira yo kumenya impinduka muburebure ($ Delta L $) iroroshye ariko isaba amakuru yukuri yerekeye ibintu bifatika nibidukikije.

Inzira isanzwe ni:

$ Delta L = inshuro inshuro L inshuro Delta T $

Aho:

• $ Delta L $ = Guhindura muburebure (kwaguka cyangwa kwikuramo)
• $ alpha $ = Coefficient yo kwagura umurongo wumuriro (muri / muri / ° F cyangwa mm / mm / ° C)
• $ L $ = Uburebure bw'umwimerere bw'umuyoboro
• $ Delta T $ = Guhindura ubushyuhe (Ubushyuhe bwo kwishyiriraho nubushyuhe bukora)

Coefficients isanzwe yo kwaguka kumiyoboro yumuhondo

Ubwoko butandukanye bwimyenda ya pulasitike ifite ibara ryerekana kwaguka. Gukoresha coefficient itari yo irashobora kuganisha munsi yubuhanga bwa sisitemu. Hano hepfo impuzandengo-ngereranyo y'ibikoresho bisanzwe:

Icyitonderwa: Buri gihe ujye ubaza urupapuro rwihariye rwa tekiniki yububiko bwa tekiniki ya coefficient nyayo, kuko formulaire irashobora gutandukana gato hagati yababikora.

Intambwe ku yindi Kubara Urugero

Tekereza metero 100 yumuyoboro wumuhondo PVC washyizwe kuri 70 ° F. Sisitemu izakoresha amazi ashyushye kuri 140 ° F. Tugomba kumenya uko umuyoboro uzaguka.

1. Menya $ Delta T $: $ 140 ° F - 70 ° F = 70 ° F $.
2. Hitamo $ alpha $: Koresha impuzandengo ya PVC, urugero, $ 3.3 inshuro 10 ^ {- 5} $ muri / muri / ° F.
3. Hindura uburebure kuri Inch: $ 100 inyandiko {ibirenge} inshuro 12 inyandiko {inches / ikirenge} = 1200 inyandiko {inches} $.
4. Koresha formula: $ Delta L = 0.000033 inshuro 1200 inshuro 70 $.
5. Kubara: $ Delta L = 2.772 inyandiko {inches} $.

Muri iki gihe, umuyoboro uzarambura hafi ya santimetero 2.8. Niba uru rugendo rutakiriwe, umuyoboro uzavunika cyangwa umenagura inanga.

Gucunga Kwaguka: Ingamba zo Gushushanya nuburyo bwiza

Iyo ibishobora kwaguka bimaze kubarwa, intambwe ikurikira ni iyo kuyicunga neza. Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwubuhanga bugaragara bwo gukurura ubushyuhe muri sisitemu yo kuvoma imvi. Guhitamo uburyo biterwa nimbogamizi zumwanya, diameter ya pipe, hamwe nigitutu cyimikorere.

1. Umwanya wo kwaguka

Kwaguka kwaguka ni U-shusho yumurongo winjijwe muburyo bugororotse. Mugihe umuyoboro wagutse, amaguru ya “U” flex imbere, akurura impinduka ndende. Ubu ni bumwe muburyo bwizewe bwo gukora birebire.

• Inama yo gushushanya: Ubugari n'ubujyakuzimu bwa loop bigomba kubarwa hashingiwe kuri modul ya pipe ya elastique hamwe no gutandukana.
• Inkunga: Inkunga yubuyobozi igomba gushyirwa kumpande zombi zumuzingi kugirango harebwe icyerekezo cyerekejwe mumuzinga, ntabwo ari kuruhande.

2. Impinduka zerekezo hamwe na Offsets

Ibisanzwe byunamye muri sisitemu yo kuvoma, nkinkokora ya dogere 90 ikoreshwa mugukurikirana inzitizi, irashobora gukora nkigice cyo kwaguka. Ibi bizwi nka "offsets yo kwagura." Mugutandukanya neza inanga nuyobora, guhinduka kwinkokora bikurura imikurire yubushyuhe bwibice byegeranye bigororotse.

Ubu buryo burahenze cyane kuko bukoresha geometrie ihari aho kongeramo ibice byinyongera. Ariko, birasaba gusesengura neza kugirango radiyo igoramye irahagije kugirango uhangane n'imihangayiko utarushye ibikoresho.

3. Kwagura hamwe

Kuri sisitemu aho umwanya ari muto kandi loop cyangwa offsets ntibishoboka, guhuza imashini bishobora kwinjizwa. Ibi bikoresho birimo kashe yo kunyerera cyangwa inzogera ikanda kandi ikaguka hamwe n'umuyoboro.

• INYUNGU: Igisubizo cyoroshye kumwanya muto.
• Ibibi: Ibisabwa byo kubungabunga cyane kubera ibice byimuka hamwe no kwambara kashe.
• Gusaba: Icyifuzo cyo kuvugurura sisitemu zihari aho kongera kuvoma imirongo bidashoboka.

Uruhare Rwingenzi rwo Kuringaniza no kuyobora

Kubara kwaguka ntacyo bimaze niba umuyoboro udashyigikiwe neza. Sisitemu yo gushyigikira irategeka he umuyoboro uragenda. Ikosa risanzwe mugushiraho imiyoboro ya pulasitike yumukara nukuyifata nkimiyoboro yicyuma - kuyifata ahantu hose. Ibi bigabanya ingendo karemano kandi bitera guhangayika.

Ingingo ya Anchor nuyobora Inkunga

Kugenzura kwaguka, abashakashatsi bakoresha ubwoko bubiri bwinkunga:

• Inanga: Ibi bikosora umuyoboro ahantu, birinda kugenda. Inyanja igabanya imiyoboro ya sisitemu mu bice bitandukanye. Kwaguka bibarwa uhereye kuri ankeri hanze.
• Kuyobora: Iyemerera umuyoboro kunyerera muremure (axial) ariko ukabuza kugenda kuruhande (kuruhande-kuruhande). Kuyobora byemeza ko umuyoboro waguka kumurongo ugororotse werekeza kwaguka cyangwa gufatanya.

Imyitozo myiza: Shira inanga mu ntangiriro yo kwiruka. Koresha umurongo uyobora ibice bigororotse kugirango umuyoboro uhuze. Emerera iherezo ryiruka kureremba mubwisanzure mu kwaguka cyangwa gufatanya. Ntuzigere ufunga umuyoboro neza hagati yingingo ebyiri zifatika nta buryo bwo kwaguka hagati.

Guhitamo Clamp kumiyoboro yumuhondo

Mugihe uhitamo clamps, tekereza kubuso bukomeye bwa PVC / CPVC. Ibyuma bifata ibyuma birashobora gusya cyangwa kumenagura umuyoboro iyo birengeje urugero, cyane cyane iyo plastiki yoroshye mubushyuhe bwinshi. Koresha clamp zometseho reberi cyangwa EPDM kumurongo kugirango ugabanye umuvuduko uringaniye kandi wemere kunyerera gato aho bikenewe.

Amakosa asanzwe mugukemura imiyoboro ya plastike

Ndetse n'abashinzwe ubunararibonye barashobora kwirengagiza imiterere yo gukura k'ubushyuhe muri plastiki. Kwirinda iyi mitego isanzwe ituma uburinganire bwa sisitemu bugabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga.

1. Kwirengagiza Ubushyuhe bwo Kwishyiriraho

Kubara byinshi bibwira ko kwishyiriraho bibaho mubushyuhe bwicyumba (70 ° F). Ariko, niba imiyoboro yashizwe mumirasire yizuba kumunsi ushushe, ubushyuhe bwambere bushobora kuba 100 ° F cyangwa hejuru. Niba sisitemu noneho itwara amazi akonje, umuyoboro uzagabanuka aho kwaguka. Kunanirwa kubara byombi gushyushya no gukonjesha birashobora kuganisha hamwe mugihe cyo kwikuramo.

2. Gushyigikira birenze

Gushyira byinshi bimanitse bikabuza kugenda. Mugihe intera ikwiye ikenewe kugirango wirinde kugabanuka, buri nkunga iri hagati ya ankeri niyaguka igomba kuba umuyobozi, ntabwo ari clamp ihamye. Kugabanya ingendo ya axial itera guhangayika cyane bishobora gutera impagarara.

3. Kutamenya ubwoko bwibikoresho

Imiyoboro yose yijimye ntabwo ari imwe. Ibisanzwe PVC, Gahunda 80 PVC, na CPVC bifite imiterere yubushyuhe butandukanye. Dufashe ko coefficente rusange kuri imiyoboro yose yimyenda irashobora kuganisha kumakosa yo kubara. Buri gihe ugenzure ibintu bisobanutse mbere yo gukora kubara kwagutse.

4. Kwirengagiza izuba

Icyatsi cya PVC kirwanya kwangirika kwa UV kuruta PVC yera, ariko kumara igihe kinini kumurasire yizuba birashobora kuzamura ubushyuhe bwubuso bwumuyaga hejuru yubushyuhe bwikirere. Iyi "kwiyongera kwizuba" irashobora kongera $ Delta T $ muburyo butunguranye. Kwishyiriraho hanze bigomba gutekereza kugicucu cyangwa gukoresha insulation kugirango bigabanye ingaruka zogukoresha izuba.

Inganda zikoreshwa hamwe nukuri-kwisi

Gusobanukirwa kwagura imiyoboro ya plastike ni ngombwa mu nganda zitandukanye. Buri murenge ufite ibisabwa byihariye bijyanye nubushyuhe nubuziranenge bwumutekano.

Gutunganya imiti yinganda

Mu bimera byimiti, imiyoboro ya CPVC imvi ikoreshwa muburyo bwo gutwara ibintu byangirika. Sisitemu irashobora guhinduka mubushyuhe bwihuse mugihe cyicyiciro. Kwaguka kwagutse bigomba kuba byateguwe kugirango bikemure umunaniro wa cycle, kuko kwaguka inshuro nyinshi no kugabanuka bishobora guca intege ibintu mugihe.

Sisitemu y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi

Icyatsi cya PVC gikoreshwa cyane nkumuyoboro wamashanyarazi. Mugihe iyi miyoboro idatwara amazi, irashobora guhindagurika kwubushyuhe bwibidukikije. Mumwanya muremure wo hanze, guhuza kwaguka birakenewe kugirango wirinde umuyoboro gusohoka mu dusanduku duhuza cyangwa gutoboka. Amabwiriza y’igihugu y’amashanyarazi (NEC) yerekana cyane cyane ibikoresho byo kwagura imiyoboro ya PVC ihura n’imihindagurikire y’ubushyuhe.

Amazi yo guturamo no gucuruza

Muri sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza amazi ashyushye, imiyoboro ya CPVC yaguka cyane. Abashiraho bagomba kwemeza ko imiyoboro inyura mu rukuta cyangwa hasi igira icyerekezo gihagije cyo kugenda nta kunyeganyeza ibintu byubatswe, bishobora gutera urusaku (“creaking”) no kwangiza abrasion mu myaka myinshi ikora.

Ubwishingizi Bwiza no Gukora neza

Ubwizerwe bwa sisitemu iyo ari yo yose itangirana nubwiza bwibigize. Mugihe iki gitabo cyibanze ku mahame yubuhanga, ubusugire bwumubiri bwumuyoboro nabwo buhuza nibyingenzi. Guhindagurika mubyimbye byurukuta, ubwinshi bwibintu, cyangwa guhuza neza bishobora kongera ingaruka ziterwa numuriro.

Aha niho abafatanyabikorwa bakunda Haman ShengTong Estener Mantoneri Gukora Co., Ltd. Gira uruhare runini muri ecosystem yagutse. Handan Shengtong yashinzwe mu 2018 mu mujyi wa Handan, mu Ntara ya Hebei, ihuriro ry’inganda zihuta cyane mu Bushinwa, Handan Shengtong kabuhariwe muri R&D n’umusaruro w’imbaraga zikomeye, zifatika neza. Nubwo intego yabo yibanze yibanze kumyubakire, imashini, ninganda zingufu, amahame yinganda zuzuye bakurikiza zigaragaza ubuziranenge bukenewe mubice byose byinganda.

Muri sisitemu yo kuvoma, clamps, bracket, hamwe nuburyo bufasha bifata imiyoboro yumukara mu mwanya wishingikiriza kumurongo wo murwego rwohejuru kugirango ugumane umwanya wacyo munsi yumutwaro uremereye. Bolt irekuye kubera ubuziranenge bwihuse irashobora guhindura ubufasha buyobora inanga yananiwe, biganisha ku kudahuza no guhangayika. Ubwitange bwa Handan Shengtong kuri "Ubwiza bwa mbere, abakiriya b'ikirenga" bwemeza ko ibyuma bifasha bikoreshwa muri iyi mishinga y'ibikorwa remezo bikomeye byujuje ubuziranenge bukomeye kandi burambye. Ubuhanga bwabo mugutanga ibisubizo bitandukanye kumashanyarazi nubwubatsi bishimangira akamaro ko guhuza ibikoresho byizewe hamwe na sisitemu yo gutunganya neza.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (Ibibazo)

Imvi za PVC ziraguka kuruta PVC yera?

Oya, ibara ryibara ubwaryo ntabwo rihindura cyane coefficient yo kwagura ubushyuhe. Byombi byera kandi byera PVC bifite igipimo cyo kwaguka. Nyamara, imvi za PVC zikunze gukoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye (urugero, ingufu z'amashanyarazi cyangwa inganda) zishobora kuba zifite uburebure butandukanye bwurukuta cyangwa amanota yibikoresho, ariko imyitwarire yubushyuhe ya polymer yibanze ikomeza kuba imwe.

Ni kangahe nshobora gushiraho ingingo zo kwaguka mu miyoboro ya plastike imeze?

Nta ntera ihamye; biterwa nubushyuhe bwubushyuhe na diameter ya pipe. Mubisanzwe, kugirango ubushyuhe bunini buhindagurika, hakenewe indishyi zo kwaguka kuri metero 50 kugeza 100. Ba injeniyeri bagomba kubara kwaguka kwihariye kuri buri kwiruka kugirango bamenye neza aho bashyizwe.

Gukingira bishobora kugabanya kwagura imiyoboro ya plastike?

Kwikingira ntibibuza kwaguka, ariko birashobora kugabanya umuvuduko wimihindagurikire yubushyuhe no kugabanya ingaruka zubushyuhe bwo hanze. Ku miyoboro ishyushye, insulasiyo ikomeza ubushyuhe imbere, igahindura ubushyuhe bwumuyoboro. Ku miyoboro yo hanze, izirinda irinda izuba, igabanya $ Delta $ $ ntarengwa.

Bigenda bite iyo ntabaze kwaguka?

Kunanirwa kubara kwaguka birashobora gukurura imiyoboro, kuvunika ibikoresho, ingingo zasohotse, no kwangiza ibikoresho bifitanye isano. Mu bihe bikomeye, umuyoboro urashobora gufata, bigatuma sisitemu ihagarara kandi bikaba bishobora guhungabanya umutekano bituruka kumazi cyangwa insinga z'amashanyarazi.

CPVC iruta PVC kubushyuhe bwo hejuru?

Nibyo, CPVC (Chlorine Polyvinyl Chloride) ifite ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwo kugoreka ubushyuhe burenze PVC isanzwe, bigatuma ibera amazi ashyushye hamwe ninganda zikora kugeza kuri 200 ° F (93 ° C). Nyamara, CPVC nayo ifite coefficient yo hejuru gato yo kwagura ubushyuhe, bityo gucunga kwaguka birakomeye.

Umwanzuro n'intambwe zikurikira

Gucunga kwagura imiyoboro ya plastike ntabwo ari ubushake-ni ikintu cyibanze gisabwa kugirango umutekano wogukora neza kandi neza. Mugusobanukirwa coefficente yo hejuru yubushyuhe bwumuriro muri PVC na CPVC, gukora imibare nyayo, no gushyira mubikorwa ingamba zogushushanya nkibikoresho byo kwaguka hamwe ninkunga iyobowe, injeniyeri nabashiraho barashobora gukumira kunanirwa bihenze.

Ibyingenzi byingenzi birimo:

• Buri gihe ubare kwaguka ukurikije coefficient yibikoresho byihariye hamwe nubushyuhe bukabije.
• Koresha inanga nuyobora kugirango uyobore urujya n'uruza rwagutse.
• Irinde gukosora byimazeyo imiyoboro iri hagati yingingo ebyiri udafite aho wagura.
• Menya neza ibyuma bishyigikira, birimo ibifunga na clamps, byujuje ubuziranenge bwo hejuru kugirango ubungabunge sisitemu munsi yimitwaro ifite imbaraga.

Ku mishinga isaba ibintu bisobanutse neza nibisubizo byizewe byinganda, gufatanya nabakora inararibonye ni ngombwa. Waba urimo gukora umurongo utoroshye wo gutunganya imiti cyangwa sisitemu yoroshye yumuriro w'amashanyarazi, witondere ibisobanuro muburyo bwo gushushanya imiyoboro no guhitamo ibice bitanga kuramba no gukora.

Niba ushaka ibisubizo byimbaraga, byihuse-byihuse byihutirwa kugirango ushyigikire ibikorwa remezo byinganda, tekereza kwegera abahanga bashyira imbere ubuziranenge kandi bwizewe. Shakisha ibicuruzwa bijyanye nibisubizo bya tekiniki kwemeza ko umushinga wawe wujuje ubuziranenge bwo hejuru bwubuhanga.